What components are essential to an aircraft's control systems?

The identification of ailerons and the control yoke as essential components of an aircraft's control systems underscores their pivotal role in maneuvering the aircraft in flight. Ailerons are hinged surfaces on the wings that control roll, allowing the aircraft to tilt left or right during turns. They are fundamental for maintaining balance and orientation, especially during various flight maneuvers.

The control yoke, commonly found in many aircraft, is the pilot's primary interface for controlling the ailerons and elevators, facilitating pitch and roll adjustments. The interaction between the control yoke and ailerons translates the pilot's commands into aerodynamic movements, ensuring the aircraft responds adequately and safely to inputs.

In contrast, the other choices, while important in their contexts, do not directly pertain to the control of the aircraft. Throttle and brakes are related to propulsion and deceleration rather than flight control. Cabin pressure and navigation aids focus on comfort and guidance rather than direct control of the aircraft's flight path. Windshield and landing gear serve different purposes related to visibility and ground operations, respectively, rather than the core act of flying.