Why might a pilot choose to perform a go-around instead of landing?

A pilot might choose to perform a go-around when the approach is unstable because stability is a critical factor for a safe landing. An unstable approach can occur when the aircraft is not in the correct configuration or position relative to the runway, which may include issues like improper descent rate, altitude, or alignment with the runway centerline. If these conditions are not met, the safety margin decreases, and the chances of a successful landing diminish significantly.

In such situations, executing a go-around allows the pilot to abort the landing attempt and re-establish a safe approach, which may involve climbing away and preparing for another approach. This decision prioritizes safety and allows for better control of the aircraft, ensuring a higher likelihood of a successful and safe landing in the next attempt.

While the other scenarios mentioned could also warrant a go-around, they do not inherently pose the same level of immediate concern regarding the aircraft's control and safety during the landing. For instance, a short runway might lead to other complications, but an unstable approach directly affects the aircraft's performance and handling before touchdown.